📌 Concept 12: Sex and Gender

 

📌 Concept 12: Sex and Gender

Short Note (English)

Sex refers to the biological differences between males and females, such as reproductive organs, chromosomes, and hormones. It is determined by nature.

Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, expectations, and identities associated with being male or female. Gender varies across cultures and time. For example, masculinity and femininity are cultural concepts, not biological facts.

সংক্ষিপ্ত নোট (Bengali)

লিঙ্গ (Sex) হলো নারী ও পুরুষের জৈবিক পার্থক্য—যেমন প্রজনন অঙ্গ, ক্রোমোজোম, হরমোন ইত্যাদি। এটি প্রকৃতিগত বা প্রাকৃতিক বৈশিষ্ট্য।

জেন্ডার (Gender) হলো সমাজ কর্তৃক গঠিত ভূমিকা, আচরণ, প্রত্যাশা ও পরিচয়, যা পুরুষ ও নারীর মধ্যে পার্থক্য তৈরি করে। এটি সংস্কৃতি ও সময়ের সাথে পরিবর্তিত হয়। যেমন—পুরুষালি (masculinity) ও নারীবাদী (femininity) বৈশিষ্ট্য জৈবিক নয়, সামাজিকভাবে নির্ধারিত।

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🔹 10 MCQs on Sex and Gender

Q1. Sex refers to:
(a) Biological differences between male and female
(b) Socially constructed roles
(c) Economic positions
(d) Cultural traditions
✅ Answer: (a)

Q2. Gender refers to:
(a) Chromosomes and hormones
(b) Social roles and expectations
(c) Biological reproduction only
(d) Physical traits only
✅ Answer: (b)

Q3. Which of the following is a biological characteristic?
(a) Masculinity
(b) Femininity
(c) Chromosomes (XX/XY)
(d) Gender role
✅ Answer: (c)

Q4. Which of the following is a gender role?
(a) Men considered as breadwinners
(b) Women giving birth
(c) Hormonal difference
(d) Chromosome count
✅ Answer: (a)

Q5. Sociologists argue that gender is:
(a) Fixed and natural
(b) Socially constructed
(c) Purely biological
(d) Same in every society
✅ Answer: (b)

Q6. Which is TRUE?
(a) Sex = natural, Gender = social
(b) Sex = social, Gender = natural
(c) Both are biological
(d) Both are social
✅ Answer: (a)

Q7. Masculinity and femininity are examples of:
(a) Biological sex
(b) Gender roles
(c) Natural differences
(d) Physical chromosomes
✅ Answer: (b)

Q8. Which statement is correct about gender?
(a) It changes across cultures and time
(b) It is universal and unchanging
(c) It is based only on biology
(d) It has no social meaning
✅ Answer: (a)

Q9. Which feminist perspective emphasizes the social construction of gender?
(a) Radical feminism
(b) Liberal feminism
(c) Socialist feminism
(d) All of the above
✅ Answer: (d)

Q10. Example of sex difference is:
(a) Men usually taller than women
(b) Women expected to cook at home
(c) Men as decision-makers in society
(d) Girls wearing pink
✅ Answer: (a)

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1. Society – short notes (Eng/Bengali) + 10 MCQs

2. Community – short notes + 10 MCQs

3. Association – short notes + 10 MCQs

4. Institution – short notes + 10 MCQs

5. Organization – short notes + 10 MCQs

6. Status and Role – short notes + 10 MCQs

7. Culture – short notes + 10 MCQs

8. Norms and Values – short notes + 10 MCQs

9. Socialization – short notes + 10 MCQs

10. Social Conformity and Deviance – short notes + 10 MCQs

11. Ethnicity and Race – short notes + 10 MCQs

12. Sex and Gender – short notes + 10 MCQs

👉 That makes a total of 120 MCQs with answers + bilingual short notes.

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#Sociology #AugusteComte #Positivism

Sociological Thought of Auguste Comte — Short Notes & 100 MCQs (with Answers)

Law of Three Stages • Positivism • Social Statics & Dynamics • Hierarchy of Sciences

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Short Notes

• Law of Three Stages: Theological → Metaphysical → Positive.
• Positivism: Valid knowledge comes from observation and experiment.
• Social Statics & Dynamics: Order vs. change and progress.
• Hierarchy of Sciences: Math → Astronomy → Physics → Chemistry → Biology → Sociology.

100 MCQs with Answers